PSG has now claimed the prestigious trophy on 14 different times.
Paris Saint-Germain required a stoppage-time equaliser followed by a perfect penalty shootout to overcome Marseille in the Gulf and capture a fourth straight French Super Cup title.
The Champions League holders appeared to be coasting towards a straightforward triumph in the showdown between the French league champions and the French Cup winners after the French winger found the scoring in the opening stages.
Yet, Marseille struck twice in the closing moments to take a surprise lead. Initially, Mason Greenwood converted from the penalty spot, before Willian Pacho unfortunately directed the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a remarkable twist of events, the Portuguese striker grabbed a crucial leveler in the dying seconds to force the match into a penalty shootout. PSG goalkeeper Chevalier then emerged as the hero, stopping decisive kicks from Matt O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
From the spot, Goncalo Ramos, the midfielder, Nuno Mendes, and the young talent all converted with composure for Paris Saint-Germain to seal a 4-1 penalty win.
Now 14-time champions PSG, who met last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Marseille after achieving a domestic double, have now lifted this competition for the twelfth time in the past 13 years.